General Volcano Danger Zone research

  • If you live near a volcano, regardless whether it's active or dormant, "you should be prepared to evacuate at a moment's notice".
  • The standard danger area of a volcano is 20 miles. However they could be dangerous from "100 miles or more" [United States Marine Corps].
  • One recommended measure when evacuating is to turn off water, electricity, and gas. If any nearby structures use electricity, could we include a feature for our A.I. that turns off that electricity? It might be frustrating for people who don't like that, but it might be a good incentive to leave.
  • Planes flying over erupting volcanoes are at a great risk of poisoning the passengers with gases that are indistinguishable from safe air.
  • Aircrafts are also at risk of damage due to volcanic ash. This ash contains tiny shards of newly hardened glass and rocks, which is bad news for exposed engines.
  • Ash and tephra can be carried by winds and travel between "hundreds and thousands of kilometres" before falling to cause risk to anyone underneath. Our solution should account for wind directions and dynamically point out the safest zones away from the wind's direction.
  • Lava will likely be carried into the lowest areas of slopes. If it is necessary, our idea could incentivise moving to higher ground, or through low land where lava cannot flow.

Types of volcanoes
  • Calderas
    • Formed from explosive eruptions that "supposedly" blows the peak off somewhere.

  • Stratovolcanoes
    • More likely to produce explosive eruptions with gas buildup.
  • Shield volcanoes
    • Makes runny lava that travels far despite the low slope (evacuation might need to be quick for this one).
  • Volcanic fields
    • Lasts weeks
    • Covers less than 1 km3.
  • Lava domes
    • Lava is too viscous to flow far.
        
    Sources:

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